How to overcome chronic indecision

How to overcome chronic indecision

Can’t make up your mind about marrying your girlfriend or not? Can’t make up your mind about the TV you need to buy? Can’t make up your mind about staying or quitting your job?

If the prospect of making a decision makes you feel overwhelmed and paralyzed, then you need to listen to this episode!

In this episode, Dr. Sally Winston, Psy.D. and I discuss the processes behind making a decision and what keeps you stuck when having to make a choice.

Quite often, when facing these dilemmas, we play-it-safe by overthinking, dwelling, or ruminating, and end up putting ourselves into analysis-paralysis: thinking a lot about a choice without taking action. If you’re in the habit of not making a choice, you may be dealing with chronic indecisiveness, which is more than ordinary indecisions.

Key Takeaways

  • The processes behind chronic indecision
  • How to nurture experiential knowledge
  • Wise mind
  • The limitations of pros and cons
  • How to nurture a wise mind

About Dr. Sally Winston, Psy.D.

Dr. Winston has been recognized regionally and nationally for over 40-years for her expertise in the treatment of OCD and anxiety disorders. After working at Sheppard Pratt Hospital for 17 years, she co-founded The Anxiety and Stress Disorders Institute of Maryland in 1992.

She has served multiple roles including Chair of the Clinical Advisory Board of the Anxiety and Depression Association of America and was honored with the first Jerilyn Ross Clinician Advocate Award in 2011.

stress, indecision

Resources

Resources from Dr. Z’s desk

Show notes with time-stamps

00:00 Overcoming Fear-Based Struggles
00:11 The Podcast’s Mission
01:00 Navigating Life’s Decisions: From Marriage to Career Choices
01:30 Exploring Psychological Processes Behind Decision Making
02:21 Diving Deep into Chronic Indecision
07:55 Practical Tips for Overcoming Indecision in Relationships
11:18 Unlocking the Power of the Wise Mind
 

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Dealing with the stress of anticipating disasters around every corner

Dealing with the stress of anticipating disasters around every corner

  • How often do you assume the worst-case-scenario when facing a difficult situation?
  • When was the last time someone invited you to a party, and you started worrying about it months in advance?
  • Do you stress about situations that have not happened yet?

When we are dealing with worries, anxieties, fears, we all play-it-safe. You might be playing it safe if you get stuck thinking of doom and gloomy scenarios, you may find yourself asking others what to do in order for you to not make any more mistakes.

Anybody can learn how our minds work and how to work with them. In this episode, I interview Dr. Sally Winston, Psy.D., an anxiety expert. She and I discuss different skills to manage those future-oriented thoughts and those moments in which you get stuck in your imagination.

You will learn actionable skills to stop worrying about what might happen and live fully in the moment.

Key Takeaways

  • Definition of anticipatory anxiety.
  • How to handle moments in which your imagination hijacks you.
  • Three different levels of fear.
  • The difference between rumination and planning.
  • How to shift from “what if” to “what is.”
  • Dr. Winston’s metaphor of how to handle uncertainty.
  • The opposite of uncertainty, is not what you think it is.
  • Metacognitions.
  • Productive thinking versus unproductive thinking.

About Dr. Sally Winston, Psy.D.

Dr. Winston has been recognized regionally and nationally for over 40-years for her expertise in the treatment of OCD and anxiety disorders. After working at Sheppard Pratt Hospital for 17 years, she co-founded The Anxiety and Stress Disorders Institute of Maryland in 1992.

She has served multiple roles including Chair of the Clinical Advisory Board of the Anxiety and Depression Association of America and was honored with the first Jerilyn Ross Clinician Advocate Award in 2011.

She is a co-author of three books:

stress

Resources

Resources from Dr. Z’s desk

Show notes with time-stamps

02:09 Dr. Sally Winston: A Deep Dive into Anticipatory Anxiety
06:48 Exploring Anticipatory Anxiety: From Theory to Practical Advice
23:37 The Power of Trust Over Doubt: A Fresh Perspective
 

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Sitting with uncomfortable emotions if you don’t overthink

Sitting with uncomfortable emotions if you don’t overthink

Reading Time: 3 minutes

If you subtract overthinking for hours, what are you left with?

      • Uncomfortable emotions.
      • And a mind attempting to make sense of those feelings (I’m using emotions and feelings interchangeably).

And as much as there are hundreds of messages to fix our emotions, to understand them, to make sense of them. There are emotions to feel and there are emotions to be tossed. But to make the distinction, when dealing with overthinking rabbit holes, you need to check what are the thoughts about emotions your mind is holding onto.

I feel it; therefore, it’s true.

We all struggle to distinguish what’s happening in a moment from what our mind tells us is happening; it’s as if the feeling of the moment dictates reality. For example, if I’m taking an elevator and have shortness of breath, my mind could anticipate that being in the elevator is unsafe, that I may have a panic attack, that I may need to avoid taking elevators in the future. And just like that, he decides to avoid taking an elevator because of all those reasons my mind is giving me. It’s as if because I feel something, is true.

My uncomfortable feelings will last forever

As uncomfortable as feelings can be, they do have a life of their own: they usually last for seconds and dissipate one after another. When emotions are left alone, on average they may last 90-seconds, including the uncomfortable ones.

It’s always good to think about my feelings 

If you have watched the movie Inside Out, you may agree that every emotion is trying to convey something to us, including the uncomfortable ones. But identifying what an emotion is trying to communicate to us is very different than mulling over the emotion over and over (as I do when complaining about the water company I have to deal with).  Dwelling endlessly on our feelings can actually amplify the intensity and duration of them and that applies to all feelings.

I feel it, therefore I need to act on it

We feel what we feel, and our mind instantaneously comes up with thoughts about what to do in that situation. It is as if whatever we feel means that we have to act on. Think about this: if you’re driving in your car, you hear about a new type of virus, and if you’re prone to overthinking, then naturally, your mind will come up with what-if thoughts. Along those what-if-thoughts, you may notice your teeth clenching, your face flashing .. and then quickly your mind will push you to rehearse all different ways to handle that possibility of having that virus .. and then you’re worrying for hours in your head, attempting to solve a hypothesis. What a waste of energy!

Having a feeling doesn’t mean acting on the feeling

It’s natural to overthink and sometimes it’s necessary, but when overthinking has its own journey and takes you away from being present in your life then it’s acting as a form of avoidance. As a form of protecting yourself from sitting with those uncomfortable feelings and all the thoughts, your mind comes to about the feelings and that particular situation.

No matter how terrible the emotion is, it’s the way you think about it, that prolongs it for looooooooooong periods and if you act on those feelings, then you keep prolonging those uncomfortable emotions. Thinking about the situation over and over, dwelling on it, getting upset at us for being upset at a situation, trying to come up with a positive emotion right away, etc .. and any other thinking strategy just makes things worse for you.

As much as we would like to control our feelings, especially the uncomfortable ones, we don’t have control of them; we only have control of our behavioral responses to a given feeling.

We just don’t have control of what we feel, we feel what we feel.

And you can handle that.

 

Respond to those urges to overthink with kindness

Respond to those urges to overthink with kindness

Reading Time: 3 minutes

Every time I notice I’m getting into a rabbit hole of thinking, I tell myself, “Here is my worry-maker announcing its arrival..” and then move on with my day, just like nothing has bothered my mind ..” .. just kidding!!!!

When catching a thought that could lead me to an overthinking hole….

  • What If I cannot handle what happens?
  • If that were to happen, I would never be able to be okay with myself
  • I don’t recall exactly what I said, and now I cannot let it go. I need to know what I said.
  • I won’t make it.
  • Can’t stop thinking of the time in which I made a mistake.
  • What – if
  • It’s my responsibility to make sure things go well.
  • If I’m thinking a lot about it, it means it’s important.
  • If I don’t know all options, I cannot move forward with my decision

I noticed a recurring theme: a push to overthink, to dwell, to spend hours and hours solving this thinking problem, and with it, to play-it-safe. Who doesn’t play-it-safe? And yet, all those overthinking strategies – playing-it-safe moves as I call them – can lead us to live in our head while life passes by in front of us.

Not our fault. We’re prone to overthinking by design, because of evolution. But, when going along with those urges, then . . . we are at the mercy of our overthinking patterns.

You can get unstuck from overthinking patterns

So far, you have learned what makes overthinking worse, to recognize the types of overthinking you’re prone to, to watch your mind and its minding, to bring yourself back to the life you’re missing when engaging in overthinking patterns, and to observe those thinking patterns without getting swept away by them.

Those micro-skills help. And, you and I know that making a shift comes with urges to go back to the old behaviors, to the old ways of responding to thinking with more thinking; to the behaviors that have been reinforced hundreds of times.

Treat those urges to overthink with kindness

Acknowledge your urge for overthinking, respond to it with kindness and caring. There are hundreds of definitions of self-compassion; sometimes people think about it like flowers and butterflies. But, putting it simple self-compassion is:

  • Treating yourself with kindness, gentleness, and caring.
  • A real-time decision you make without attachment to any outcome
  • A choice you make to make room for uncomfortable thoughts, feelings, urges, and sensations.

Sometimes people decide to fight those urges to overthink.. and while those thinking responses work for a little bit, it’s a matter of time the mind comes up with another thought that pulls into a rabbit hole of thinking. We’re never going to win our minds by responding to thinking with more thinking.

But recognizing that we’re struggling, that we’re getting stuck with a pull to dwell on our thoughts and live in our head, and respond to those moments of stuckness with caring is much more courageous.

One compassionate action

When noticing the urge to overthink – whether you’re driving, eating a piece of dark chocolate, drinking a glass of scotch, or enjoying a meal with your partner – take a deep breath, adjust your posture, maybe lift up your shoulders, and then tell yourself something along the lines of “I’m struggling right now, this is hard.”

The key to practicing self-compassion is to acknowledge that you are struggling in those moments with a push to jump into overthinking land . . .  and that you make a decision to respond yourself with kindness and with gentleness.  If your mind were to be an overprotective friend of yours – so you don’t make a fool of yourself – how would you respond? Perhaps you will say things like, “easy my friend, let’s go easy with those urges .. I get it, this is hard . . . and let’s just be gentle . . . we don’t need to jump into thinking land right now . . . ”

When you learn to face those urges for overthinking with gentleness, you also learn to move from living in your head to living in the present, because you are not busy any longer, trying to control your mind or responding to thinking with more thinking.

Observe your overthinking patterns without getting swept away by them

Observe your overthinking patterns without getting swept away by them

Reading Time: 4 minutes

It’s a fact. Your mind is a maker of thoughts, a connector of thoughts, and a creator of patterns. Your mind doesn’t stop thinking and thinking. Thinking is always happening, up and down, left and right. And overthinking is what busy minds do, many times!

Here is what you can do to handle overthinking:

Observing your overthinking thoughts is a skill that can be learned.

In a study conducted by Ruiz, Luciano, Florez, Suarez-Falcon & Cardona-Betancour (2020) on repetitive negative thinking, participants were taught defusion skills,  3 sessions of 60-minutes (1st session was 9-minutes), and 5 audio recordings of 30-minutes each between sessions.

While learning and practicing different defusion exercises, participants were developing their abilities to notice triggers for worry and rumination, take distance from those thoughts, and behave according to what was important to them (values-based actions).

Results of this intervention, after a 1 and 3-month follow-up showed a clinically significant decrease in the measurements of worry measured by the Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ) and depression, anxiety, and stress measured by the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS). No adverse effects were observed.

The research on ACT for repetitive negative thinking (Ruiz et al., 2016a, 2018a, 2019; Dereix-Calonge et al., 2019; Salazar et al., 2020) continues to show the evidence for defusion skills – observing thoughts for what they are – and the benefits from them in the long-run.

The skill of observing your overthinking thoughts

Many easter philosophies, mindfulness-based therapies along with Acceptance and Commitment Training (ACT) have highlighted the advantages of learning to notice and observe uncomfortable thoughts without buying into them and without struggling to eliminate them. Within ACT, there is a distinction between fusion and defusion.

Fusion refers to those moments when we take our thoughts literally, as the absolute truth, get entangled with them, and “pushed around by them.” (Harris, 2009).

Defusion was a term coined by Steve Hayes, Ph.D., co-founder of ACT,  is the skill of observing and seeing our thoughts for what they are – content from our busy minds.

When practicing defusion you learn to see that thought is not a threat to you, a command you have to go along with, may or may not be true, and is more like letters put together or pictures that your mind comes up with.

When getting into overthinking mode, all the thinking troubles you.

How to practice observing your overthinking thoughts

There are many ways to practice defusion; here are four of my favorite ones that you can practice right away.

When noticing the beginning of an overthinking pattern, try these defusion skills:

Labeling and what’s my mind up to?

Ask yourself, “What’s my mind up to?”

Then answer yourself by labeling each thought as your mind presents it:

“Now my mind is having a worry thought.”
“And now my mind is having a doubtful thought.”
“And now my mind is having an uncertain thought.”
“And now my mind is having a criticizing thought.”
Continue in this way until you’ve labeled seven to ten thoughts.

Labeling is describing a thought as something your mind produces, rather than something you are or something you do. It’s a subtle distinction, but it lies at the heart of defusion.

Instead of using statements like “Now I’m overthinking” or “Now I’m worried about,” use the phrase “Now my mind is having a worry thought.; now my mind is having a doubtful thought;

You can also say, “my mind is having the urge to know …”

Thank you, mind

Every time your mind comes up with an unpleasant thought, literally say “thank you mind.”

Here are some examples:

What I said was embarrassing. “Thank you, mind.”
I’m a mess. “Thank you, mind.”
They’re laughing at me. “Thank you, mind.”
I’m anxious. “Thank you, mind.”
I’m worried. “Thank you, mind.”

Turning your hand

Each time you catch one of those overthinking patterns starting to show up, let go of it by turning your hand over as if you’re letting go of a small stone that you’ve been carrying.

Tell yourself, “there’s a [enter the type of thought … ],” as you turn a hand and let the thought fall away.

Card-carrying

Write your most bothersome thoughts that start overthinking patterns on a 3 by 5 index card and carry it in your pocket or purse. When your mind comes up with one of these thoughts, dismiss it by saying to yourself, “I’ve got that on the card.”

The power of practice defusion intentionally

Rather than automatically following the same overthinking patterns over and over, make a conscious effort to practice defusion in favor of finding new ways of thinking better and living better.

Does defusion really work?

Here is my report: I don’t go one day without having an occasion to practice defusion – judgments about my cooking abilities, internal questions about what’s wrong with me; the lack of time to do what I really care about doing, worrying about my looks, what-if thoughts about loneliness.

Defusion has become the antidote to hours of dwelling in my head.

Even the ten to fifteen minutes of watching my mind – Vipassana meditation – sets the tone for my maker of thoughts.

Overthinking thoughts slip by with far less friction.

Come back to the life you’re missing

Come back to the life you’re missing

Reading Time: 3 minutes

“How we spend our time is how we spend our days. How we spend our days is how our life goes. How our life goes determines whether we thought it was worth living.”

– Keith Yamashita

When you wake up, your mind starts its own journey. It’s like you’re getting into a car and your mind is the driver. Sometimes it takes you exactly to your destination. Sometimes it drives really fast. Sometimes, you can’t just get out of being lost in the streets of big houses, condominiums, and golf courses in the middle of the city. Sometimes, your mind takes you to the end of a cul-de-sac where you feel all those ruminations, worries, doubts, anticipations and many other acrobatic thinking patterns that occupy your time.

  • Thinking about doing things right and perfectly
  • Thinking about all the good reasons to postpone and delay stuff
  • Thinking about how much certainty you need to move forward
  • Thinking about the worst-case scenarios
  • Thinking about past negative outcomes or past mistakes
  • Thinking about not being good enough in some way
  • Thinking about the different ways to get out of a stressful situation
  • Thinking about how you’re the only responsible person for others’ wellbeing
  • Thinking about how thinking is fundamentally important

Overthinking patterns have this automatic quality, rushing you into feelings of stress, anxiety, loss, or dread. You may get so attached to them that they seem real and push you to do things that create much more pain, such as ejecting you from your present.

Dealing with overthinking partners is like every moment you’re confronted by a “haystack-sized pile of needles.”  Each one of those patterns pushes for your attention, makes you feel in a particular way, and claims to be legitimate. They are all interesting thoughts to have; for example, did I marry the right person? Can’t stop thinking about what happened before, I need to make sense of it; what if I don’t make the right decision? 

But the consequence of all of them is that they take you away from what’s happening in front of you, who is in front of you, and what the experience of that moment is for you.

Bring yourself back to the present

  • Acknowledge the cue to overthink
    Remember an important principle: The first thought on your mind, whatever you do afterward is on you.
    Do your best to notice that cue for overthinking (e.g. did I.. I need.. what-if…).
    Don’t fight it; don’t resist it; don’t respond to it. Just say to yourself “here it is.. “ and then …
  • Connect with your body
    Notice your body posture; notice the positions of your legs; notice your back posture; notice the ebb and flow of your breathing; you can also move your arms a bit to notice their movement.
  • Connect with what’s in front of you
    Notice your surroundings: what’s around you. What do you hear? What do you see? What do you smell?
    Notice who is in front of you: is there someone in front, next to, or behind you? How do they look? What colors are they wearing? What pieces of clothing do you see? How are they talking to you? Are they speaking fast or slow? Can you see the movement of their lips?

Final quote

I leave you with this last quote:

“How we spend our day is, of course, how we spend our lives.

– Annie Dillard



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